What is a Belleville Washer?

A washer is a common hardware component found alongside fasteners, often being used to distribute loads, minimize vibration, provide spacing, lock fasteners, and more. While washers typically come in the form of flat, rounded plates with holes in their center, there are many types that may be chosen from to suit a particular need or application. Belleville washers are a type of cupped spring washer, often being utilized to take on large loads with their ability to flatten out under pressure. 

The Belleville washer is a form of conical spring washer, meaning that it has a cone shape for its design. During installation, the washer is placed under the bolt so that it is compressed between the head of the fastener and the surface of the component being secured. As the conical washer presses against the bolt head, it will be able to provide vibration control, spacing, shock absorption, and pre-loading. Pre-loading refers to the axial load that is placed on the fastener, and the Belleville washer serves to maintain the integrity of the fastener as the load is taken on. As a Belleville washer can reduce the overall vibration that a fastener faces after installation, they can be considered to be a type of lock washer. Additionally, conical washers can be implemented in various ways to achieve specific objectives such as increased resistance or more vibration reduction.

Depending on the particular needs of a given assembly or application, there are numerous ways in which Belleville spring washer components can be stacked. The series stack is the first configuration, and it consists of placing the washers top to bottom so that a gap is established in the middle. With the gap, the washers produce a spring-like effect that increases deflection, that of which refers to the degree to which structural elements are displaced when a load is induced. Parallel stacks are also quite common, and such configurations feature all washers stacked in the same direction. While deflection will not be enhanced such as is seen with the series stack, the overall load capacity will be bolstered. The final way in which Belleville washers are combined is the parallel/series stack. With this configuration, series and parallel stacks are created simultaneously, allowing for deflection and load capacity to be increased as needed for a specific application or assembly.

With the versatility provided by Belleville washers, such components may be used for a wide number of applications. Generally, Belleville washers are found within industries related to energy, utility transmission, distribution, pump and valve manufacturing, automotives, chemicals, transportation, industrial automation, and more. While Belleville washers are capable of being used multiple times, it is important that they are free of any wear or damage that would warrant concern. If you are searching for Belleville washers that you can rely on for your applications, ASAP Aviation Supplies has you covered.


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